标题

遗传变异的影响的真菌内生植物草食草动物及其拟寄生物

文档类型

文章

出版日期

2 - 2009

出版来源

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata

卷号

130年

问题数量

2

第一页

173年

最后一页

180年

出版商

布莱克威尔出版

石头

0013 - 8703

文摘

Neotyphodium coenophialum (Glenn、培根、价格&翰林)(子囊菌类:麦角菌科)是一种植物内生真菌共生生活在草并产生生物碱,可以帮助保护它从一些害虫。我们使用实验室的实验调查真菌基因型是否影响一个食草动物及其天敌。我们测试了小说的变化是否隔离,加上缺乏控制真菌感染,影响偏好下降粘虫,Spodoptera frugiperda(史密斯)(鳞翅目:科:Amphipyrini)和生长和存活Euplectrus comstockii霍华德(膜翅目:姬小蜂科:Euplectrini),降粘虫的拟寄生物。毛毛虫更喜欢从未感染的高羊茅叶片在选择实验[Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb)。Darbysh。,cultivar Jesup (Poaceae)] and tended to avoid blades from plants containing fungal isolates AR502, AR542, or the most common strain from pastures in Georgia, USA, in tall fescue. However, caterpillars fed as much on leaf blades from plants containing isolate AR502 as from those lacking infection. Parasitoid pupal mass was not influenced by fungal isolate, yet fungal isolate did influence parasitoid survival. Survival was higher than expected for parasitoids reared from hosts fed plants lacking fungal infection, but was lower than expected for those reared from hosts fed plants infected with the common strain or AR542 isolates. In contrast, parasitoids reared from hosts fed plants infected with isolate AR502 did not experience higher mortality than expected by chance. Our results show that N. coenophialum can modify bottom-up trophic cascades through direct effects on herbivores, as well as indirect effects on a natural enemy of the herbivores and that the fungus may influence the tritrophic interaction in ways that counterbalance herbivore protection provided by the symbiont. Our work also shows that these effects are influenced by fungal genotype. As attempts are made to produce forage cultivars with strains of fungal endophyte that lack negative influences on livestock, it will be prudent for investigators to assess the multi-trophic effects of these novel associations within agroecosystems.

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